低磷胁迫下水稻不同品种根系有机酸分泌的差异

以4个对低磷反应不同的典型水稻品种（系）为材料，对其在低磷胁迫下根系有机酸分泌这一根系生理特性进行了比较研究。结果表明，低磷胁迫能促使水稻根系分泌更多的有机酸，这在耐低磷品种中表现尤为明显。     

砂姜黑土的培肥与持续增产研究

在典型砂姜黑土上的六年定位试验证明:每年亩施圈肥2500～5000kg,可显著提高土壤有机质含量,全氮和速效氮有所增加,速效磷含量增高;在各种磷酸盐形态中,铝磷酸盐含量明显增加。施用圈肥的处理,耕层土壤容重降低,有效水含量显著提高,土壤持水曲线与对照处理有明显差别。施用氮磷化肥和无肥对照区,土壤有机质含量没有明显下降,说明砂姜黑土的土壤有机质分解速度是缓慢的。单纯施用氮磷化肥,第一年小麦增产幅度较大,以后小麦产量逐年下降。同时施用圈肥和氮磷化肥,小麦产量逐年呈上升趋势。     

有潜在性的大孔吸附树脂模拟植物根系分泌有机酸吸附的方法

为探索一种根系分泌物富集的方法,用静态吸附法,通过研究HPD-400型大孔吸附树脂对水溶液中柠檬酸、苹果酸和酒石酸的吸附行为,模拟大孔吸附树脂对根系分泌物收集液中主要有机酸吸附的结果表明,相同条件下,HPD-400型大孔吸附树脂对3种有机酸的吸附强度依次为柠檬酸>苹果酸>酒石酸;它对各有机酸的吸附能力随各有机酸浓度的升高而增加,随温度的降低而增加;对各有机酸的吸附均符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,且表现为优惠吸附。试验表明,用HPD-400型大孔吸附树脂可作为根系分泌物的富集材料。     

外生菌根提高植物抗铝性机理研究进展

外生菌根真菌是土壤中一类重要的微生物,能与70%￣75%的森林树种形成外生菌根。它可以促进植物对养分的吸收和利用,提高酸性土壤上植物的抗铝性。外生菌根主要通过以下几方面来增强植物的抗铝能力:(1)扩大吸收面积,增加植物对养分的吸收;(2)排斥或吸附铝离子,阻止其向植物根系运输;(3)有机酸或其它有机物质的分泌增加,提高对铝离子的螯合和对钙、镁等离子的溶解能力;(4)增加激素的分泌,促进植物生长;(5)促进植物生长稀释铝和液泡区域化隔离铝。     

有机无机肥料对小麦的肥效及其交互作用

在京郊大同肥力水平土壤上,有机肥和化肥配合施用小麦增产量最高,其增量在中、高肥力试验点上大于低肥力试验点.有机肥和化肥配合施用时的增产作用是它们各自增产效应之和,它们之间的交互效应不显著.在高肥力土壤上甚至有负的交互效应,即配台施用时的增产量小于分施时各自增产量之和.根据肥料试验,本文提出了京郊不同肥力水平土壤上小麦有机无机肥料配合施用量,并发现在低肥力土壤上随着有机肥的施用,化肥氮的用量增加,化肥磷用量可减少;在高肥力土壤上随有机肥的施用,化肥氮用量减少,化肥磷用量增加;在中等肥力土壤上配合有机肥的施用,氮磷化肥用量均个应减少,应略为增加.     

不同有机肥用量对黄瓜生长及养分吸收的影响

在温室基质栽培条件下,研究了配施等量化肥时不同用量有机肥对黄瓜生长及养分吸收的影响。试验采用有机肥系烘干鸡粪,所有供试肥料均以底肥形式一次施入。研究结果表明,高量有机肥处理(有机肥50,100 kg/m3)严重抑制了黄瓜定植初期的生长,黄瓜前期产量也明显低于不施或低量有机肥处理。随着施肥量的增加,黄瓜氮、磷、钾养分吸收量均显著增加。黄瓜定植后74 d,所有处理基质的速效氮养分均已处于极低的水平,黄瓜普遍出现缺肥症状。试验初步证明了长季节栽培条件下一次施用高量有机肥难以及时提供足量的速效氮源,无法满足蔬菜养分需求。     

Biocompatibility of Acellular Porcine Dermis

In vitro cultured vascular endothelial cells (VEC) and mouse 3T3 fibroblasts (3T3) on the acellular dermal matrix , which were made of porcine skins. We made the cell proliferation test with MTT assay and the histological observation after cells were seeded on the acelluar dermis for 1 week with histological section. The cell growth curves showed VEC and 3T3 grew much rapidly on the acelluar dermis.The histological observation revealed VEC had formed a monolayer, some places even had formed 2 to 3 layer. The results suggest that the acelluar porcine dermal matrix have good biocompatibility , it will be widely applied.     

QTL mapping of volatile compounds in ripe apples detected by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry

The availability of genetic linkage maps enables the detection and analysis of QTLs contributing to quality traits of the genotype. Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS), a relatively novel spectrometric technique, has been applied to measure the headspace composition of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emitted by apple fruit genotypes of the progeny ‘Fiesta’ × ‘Discovery’. Fruit samples were characterised by their PTR-MS spectra normalised to total area. QTL analysis for all PTR-MS peaks was carried out and 10 genomic regions associated with the peaks at m/z = 28, 43, 57, 61, 103, 115 and 145 were identified (LOD > 2.5). We show that it is possible to find quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to PTR-MS characterisation of the headspace composition of single whole apple fruits indicating the presence of a link between molecular characterisation and PTR-MS data. We provide tentative information on the metabolites related to the detected QTLs based on available chemical information. A relation between apple skin colour and peaks related to carbonyl compounds was established. The two authors contributed equally to this work.     

Residential Environment Ethic and Green Building Materials

The environment ethic deals with the research on relation between human beings and the nature. The residential environment ethic is a detail study of environment ethic, which studies the relation between human beings and residential environment. The residential environment ethic presents the human duty to care about and protect residential environment and actually to protect human beings themselves. But the residential environment is facing many dangers, such as city pollution and indoor air pollution, which are closely related to building materials. So, one of the ways for improving the residential environment quality is to use green building materials.     

Control of Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Caused by Building and Decoration Materials

The importance of indoor air quality and the effect of volatile organic compounds(VOC) on human health are discussed in this paper,TVOC as a measurement for evaluation of VOC and the VOC pollution control methods and technology for indoor air are also presented.